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The population structures among the root (wilt) disease-resistant and susceptible coconut palms from 12 locations in the three disease-endemic districts of southern Kerala, were analyzed using nine microsatellite markers. The pair...
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The population structures among the root (wilt) disease-resistant and susceptible coconut palms from 12 locations in the three disease-endemic districts of southern Kerala, were analyzed using nine microsatellite markers. The pair-wise population differentiation estimate (F-st) between the resistant and susceptible populations was 0.021. Two major populations and a subpopulation cluster were identified among the resistant palms. The analysis of genetic relatedness between the resistant mother palms showed that most of the palms located in a single locality shared sib relationship among them. The existence of close genetic relationship among resistant palms from Chengannur, Thiruvalla, Kottayam and Pavukkara localities in Kerala were reported. The results are discussed in terms of breeding strategies for increasing heterozygosity and obtaining the maximum number of disease-resistant seedlings.
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Ground-based bedding orientation measurements are critical to determine the geologic history and processes of sedimentation in Gale crater, Mars. We constrain the dip of lacustrine strata of the Blunts Point, Pettegrove Point, and...
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Ground-based bedding orientation measurements are critical to determine the geologic history and processes of sedimentation in Gale crater, Mars. We constrain the dip of lacustrine strata of the Blunts Point, Pettegrove Point, and Jura members of the Murray formation using a combination of regional stratigraphic correlations and bed attitude measurements from stereo Mastcam images taken by the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover. In situ bed attitude measurements using a principal component analysis-based regression method reveal a wide range of dips and dip azimuths owing to a combination of high stereo errors, postdepositional deformation of strata (e.g., fracturing, rotation, and impact cratering), and different primary depositional dips. These constrain regional dips to be within several degrees of horizontal on average. Stratigraphic correlations between targets observed in the Glen Torridon trough and at the Pettegrove Point-Jura member contact of Vera Rubin ridge (VRR) constrain dips to be between 3°SE and 2°NW, consistent with nearly flat strata deposited horizontally on an equipotential surface. The Jura member is determined to be stratigraphically equivalent to the northern portion of the Glen Torridon trough. Rover-based dip magnitudes are generally significantly shallower than the orientation of VRR member contacts measured from High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment-based traces, suggesting the sedimentary strata and VRR member contacts may be discordant.
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In order to investigate the Chinese representatives from two genera of the tribe Oodini LaFerte-Senectere, 1851, twenty-three Palaearctic and Oriental species of the genera Lachnocrepis LeConte, 1853 and Oodes Bonelli, 1810 are ta...
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In order to investigate the Chinese representatives from two genera of the tribe Oodini LaFerte-Senectere, 1851, twenty-three Palaearctic and Oriental species of the genera Lachnocrepis LeConte, 1853 and Oodes Bonelli, 1810 are taxonomically reviewed. Because the species in question share a high degree of morphological similarity they are grouped in the "Oodes generic group". The character-analysis showed that seven species belong to Oodes, including five species to Oodes s.str. and two species to Lachnocrepis (downgraded to subgenus). The remaining sixteen species are classified in three genera: ten species in Pseudoodes gen. n. (type species: Oodes cribristernis Bates, 1892), two species in Sundaoodes gen. n. (type species: Sundaoodes hainanensis sp. n.), and four species in Nothoodes gen. n. (type species: Oodes angustatus Lorenz, 2005). The taxa of Oodes s.str. and Pseudoodes gen. n. are arranged in two and four species groups, respectively.
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Infragravity waves are long-period (25–250 s) ocean surface gravity waves generated in coastal zones through wave-wave interactions or oscillation of the breaking point. Most of the infragravity wave energy is trapped or dissipat...
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Infragravity waves are long-period (25–250 s) ocean surface gravity waves generated in coastal zones through wave-wave interactions or oscillation of the breaking point. Most of the infragravity wave energy is trapped or dissipated near coastlines, but a small percentage escapes into the open oceans. The source of deep ocean infragravity waves is debated, specifically whether they come mostly from regions with strong source waves or from sites with particular morphologies/orientations. We correlate measurements of infragravity waves in the deep North Atlantic Ocean with infragravity wave generation parameters throughout the Atlantic Ocean to find the dominant sources of deep ocean infragravity wave energy in the North Atlantic Ocean. The deep ocean infragravity wave data are from a 5 year deployment of absolute pressure gauges west of the Azores islands (37°N, 35°W) and shorter data sets from seafloor tsunami gauges (DART buoys). Two main sources are identified: one off of the west coast of southern Europe and northern Africa (25°N–40°N) in northern hemisphere winter and the other off the west coast of equatorial Africa (the Gulf of Guinea) in southern hemisphere winter. These regions have relatively weak source waves and weak infragravity wave propagation paths to the main measurement site, indicating that that the site morphology/ orientation dominates the creation of deep ocean infragravity waves. Both regions have also been identified as potential sources of global seismological noise, suggesting that the same mechanisms may be behind the generation of deep ocean infragravity waves and global seismological noise in the frequency band from 0.001 to 0.04 Hz.
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Description of four new species: Anthaxia (Merocratus) angustata Bily, sp. nov. (Vietnam), A. (M.) priska Bily, sp. nov. (Indonesia: Kalimantan), A. (M.) violaceidorsis Bily, sp. nov. (Indonesia: Kalimantan), and A. (M.) lucifera ...
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Description of four new species: Anthaxia (Merocratus) angustata Bily, sp. nov. (Vietnam), A. (M.) priska Bily, sp. nov. (Indonesia: Kalimantan), A. (M.) violaceidorsis Bily, sp. nov. (Indonesia: Kalimantan), and A. (M.) lucifera Plachetka, sp. nov. (The Philippines). Two species-groups are defined within the subgenus: A. (M.) insulaecola Obenberger, 1944 species-group and A. (M.) tricolor Kerremans, 1912 species-group. The sexual dimorphism of certain species is discussed and the distribution of some species are modified including new state records. All new species are illustrated and compared with the most related species.
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Formiscurra gen. n., with the type species Formiscurra indicus sp. n., of the tribe Calis-celini is described and illustrated from southern India.
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The genus of Kodaianella Fennah, 1956 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae: Issini), containing three species: K. bicinctifrons Fennah, 1956 (Guizhou: Congjiang, Xishui, Yanhe; Sichuan: Kangding), K. macheta sp. nov. (Guizhou: Guiya...
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The genus of Kodaianella Fennah, 1956 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae: Issini), containing three species: K. bicinctifrons Fennah, 1956 (Guizhou: Congjiang, Xishui, Yanhe; Sichuan: Kangding), K. macheta sp. nov. (Guizhou: Guiyang; Henan: Huixian) and K. longispina sp. nov. (Yunnan: Dali, Baoshan), is here studied. All species are restricted to China. The generic characteristics are redefined. The main morphological characters and male genitalia of the three species are described, or redescribed, and illustrated. A key to species in the genus is provided.
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Ophiocordyceps sinensis (syn. Cordyceps sinensis), family Ophiocordycipitaceae1, locally known as ‘yarsha gamboo’, is a highly valued medicinal fungus, found growing on the insect caterpillar of Hepialus armoricanus (family Hepi...
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Ophiocordyceps sinensis (syn. Cordyceps sinensis), family Ophiocordycipitaceae1, locally known as ‘yarsha gamboo’, is a highly valued medicinal fungus, found growing on the insect caterpillar of Hepialus armoricanus (family Hepialidae) 2 in the higher hills of the Himalayas, including Nepal, China, Tibet and India (Figure 1 a–d). Specimens of this fungus are rare, occurring in the far reaches of the high, cold and arid hills at an altitude between 12,000 and 16,000 ft amsl in Kumaon and Garhwal hills, Uttarakhand3. One has to trek about 40–45 km on the steep slopes up to the glacier base. This fungus has high medicinal value and is used in traditional remedies for various physiological disorders4. Being a hormone stimulator, Ophiocordyceps is an important anti-aging medicine. Frequent use of this fungus may prevent senile disorder. It is found beneficial in the case of climatic age illness, impotence, emission, neurasthemia, rheumatoid, arthritis, cirrhosis, flabby waist and knee5. Ophiocordyceps has been in traditional use for the treatment of various diseases like chronic bronchitis, insomnia, hypertension, pneumonia, tuberculosis, pulmonary emphysema, anaemia, night sweat and cough. The cost of natural specimens in the national market is more than Rs 3 lakh/kg, whereas it is sold at more than Rs 5 lakh/kg in the international market.
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摘要 :
Ophiocordyceps sinensis (syn. Cordyceps
sinensis), family Ophiocordycipitaceae1,
locally known as ‘yarsha gamboo’, is a
highly valued medicinal fungus, found
growing on the insect caterpillar of
Hepialus armoricanus (family Hepi...
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Ophiocordyceps sinensis (syn. Cordyceps
sinensis), family Ophiocordycipitaceae1,
locally known as ‘yarsha gamboo’, is a
highly valued medicinal fungus, found
growing on the insect caterpillar of
Hepialus armoricanus (family Hepialidae)
2 in the higher hills of the Himalayas,
including Nepal, China, Tibet and India
(Figure 1 a–d). Specimens of this fungus
are rare, occurring in the far reaches of
the high, cold and arid hills at an altitude
between 12,000 and 16,000 ft amsl in
Kumaon and Garhwal hills, Uttarakhand3.
One has to trek about 40–45 km
on the steep slopes up to the glacier base.
This fungus has high medicinal value and is used in traditional remedies for
various physiological disorders4. Being a
hormone stimulator, Ophiocordyceps is
an important anti-aging medicine. Frequent
use of this fungus may prevent
senile disorder. It is found beneficial in
the case of climatic age illness, impotence,
emission, neurasthemia, rheumatoid,
arthritis, cirrhosis, flabby waist and
knee5. Ophiocordyceps has been in traditional
use for the treatment of various
diseases like chronic bronchitis, insomnia,
hypertension, pneumonia, tuberculosis,
pulmonary emphysema, anaemia,
night sweat and cough. The cost of natural
specimens in the national market is more than Rs 3 lakh/kg, whereas it is
sold at more than Rs 5 lakh/kg in the
international market.
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Pristapenesia asiatica sp. nov, is described and illustrated from two female specimens collected in China and Thailand. This species is readily recognized by the absence of a tubular radial vein in the fore wings. A key to world f...
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Pristapenesia asiatica sp. nov, is described and illustrated from two female specimens collected in China and Thailand. This species is readily recognized by the absence of a tubular radial vein in the fore wings. A key to world fossil and living species of Pristapenesia is provided. Pristapenesia was originally described .by Brues (1933) to accommodate P. primaeva, an Eocene fossil species from the Baltic region and based on a series of males and a single female "with extremely long, slender abdomenand prothorax much produced anteriorly". At that time he classified the genus in the Bethylidae. Subsequently, Prentice et al. (1996) described Dominibythus, which was later synonymized with Pristapenesia by Brothers and Janzen (1999), and properly assigned the latter to Scolebythidae. Two species were described m Dominibythus and later transferred to Pristapenesia, the Miocene fossil P. inopinata (Prentice & Poinar 1996) in Early Miocene amber from the Dominican Republic, and the extant P. striata (Azevedo 1999) from Brazil.
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